Central European Business Review 2018, 7(1):46-57 | DOI: 10.18267/j.cebr.195
The Successful Internationalization of Intesa Sanpaolo Bank in Central and Eastern Europe: Acquisitions, Insidership and the Uppsala Model
- PhD Researcher in International Business, University of Lyon, Jean-Moulin – iaelyon, Magellan Research Centre, Lyon, France, stefano.valdemarin@univ-lyon3.fr
The study of internationalization processes of multinational enterprises and its evolution is one of the most important topics in the domain of international business. According to the Uppsala model and the business network view, being an insider in local networks is a fundamental issue for service companies such as banking groups because of their strong intangible dimension. That’s why VUB Bank is an extraordinary bank. It has a little office in Prague, the only one in Czech Republic, and, at the same time, owns 233 branches in Slovakia. But this bank is a subsidiary of Intesa Sanpaolo, the biggest Italian banking Group, one of the leaders in the European market. Starting from this empirical observation, and using an inductive methodology, this paper will try to explain how the Intesa Sanpaolo Group successfully created a business network in Slovakia, its first market by total assets in Central and Eastern Europe. Our study shows that Banking Groups can overcome the liability of outsidership through a progressive commitment and a “local-passport strategy” based on the acquisition of existing companies.
Keywords: Internationalization; Uppsala Model; mergers and acquisitions; networks; Central and Eastern Europe
JEL classification: F23, G21
Received: May 8, 2017; Revised: December 20, 2017; Published: March 31, 2018 Show citation
ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | Chicago Notes | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver |
References
- Almodóvar, P., & Rugman, A. M. (2015). Testing the revisited Uppsala model: does insidership improve international performance? International Marketing Review, 32(6), 686-712.
Go to original source...
- Ambos, T. C., Schlegelmilch, B. B., Ambos, B., & Brenner, B. (2009). Evolution of Organisational Structure and Capabilities in Internationalising Banks: The CEE Operations of UniCredit's Vienna Office. Long Range Planning, 42(5-6), 633-653.
Go to original source...
- Bertalanffy, L. von. (1968). General System Theory. New York: George Braziller.
- Blankenburg Holm, D., Johanson, M., & Kao, P. (2015). From outsider to insider: Opportunity development in foreign market networks. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 13(3), 337-359.
Go to original source...
- Bottiglia, R. (2009). I grandi gruppi bancari: formazione, sviluppo e crisi. Giuffrè Editore.
- Bruggink, D., Karsten, P., & de Meijer, C. (2012). The European cards environment and ISO 20022. Journal of Payments Strategy & Systems, 6(1), 80-99.
- Collin, P. M. (2006). Bâtir un réseau mondial de services: L'exemple de la monnaie électronique. Paris: Editions L'Harmattan.
- Collin, P. M. (2012). The construction of networks by MNCs: an analysis of the banking sector. In U. Mayrhofer (Ed.), Management of Multinational Companies: A French Perspective (pp. 204-220). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Coviello, N., Kano, L., & Liesch, P. (2017). Adapting the Uppsala model to a modern world: Macro-context and microfoundations. Journal of International Business Studies, 48(9), 1151-1164.
Go to original source...
- Cuervo-Cazurra, A., Andersson, U., Brannen, M., Nielsen, B., & Rebecca Reuber, A. (2016). From the Editors: Can I trust your findings? Ruling out alternative explanations in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies, 47(8), 881-897.
Go to original source...
- Dicken, P. (2015). Global Shift: Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy (Seventh Edition). London: Sage Publications.
- Eikon (2017). Thomson Reuters [Database].
- Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, M. E. (2007). Theory Building from Cases: Opportunities and Challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 25-32.
Go to original source...
- Forsgren, M., Holm, U., & Johanson, J. (2006). Managing the Embedded Multinational: A Business Network View. Chaltenham: Edward Elgar.
- Ghauri, P. N., & Grønhaug, K. (2005). Research Methods in Business Studies: A Practical Guide. London: Pearson Education.
Go to original source...
- Hardt, J. P., & Kaufman, R. F. (2016). East-Central European Economies in Transition. London: Routledge.
Go to original source...
- Intesa Sanpaolo. (2016). 2016 Intesa Sanpaolo Annual Report (Annual report) (p. 694). Turin. Retrieved Retrieved January 12, 2018, from http://www.group.intesasanpaolo.com/scriptIsir0/si09/contentData/view/content-ref?id=CNT-05-00000004D7191
- Intesa Sanpaolo (2017). Italian Leader with a European Scale. Milano. Retrieved January 15, 2018, from http://www.group.intesasanpaolo.com/scriptIsir0/si09/contentData/view/Brochure_istituz_en.pdf?id=CNT-04-00000000418CF&ct=application/pdf
- Ionescu, A. (2014). The European Banking System. Track Record And Achievement. Global Economic Observer, 2(2), 93-102.
- Ismail, A. (2008). Which acquirers gain more, single or multiple? Recent evidence from the USA market. Global Finance Journal, 19(1), 72-84.
Go to original source...
- Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (1977). The Internationalization Process of the Firm-A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments. Journal of International Business Studies, 8(1), 23-32.
Go to original source...
- Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (2009). The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited: From liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(9), 1411-1431.
Go to original source...
- Kulczycki, M. (2006). Making cross-border retail finance a reality case study: Deutsche Bank PBC S.A. in Poland. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 11(2), 157-165.
Go to original source...
- Lopes, A. L. A., Hoffmann, V. E., & Amal, M. (2017). Internationalization Strategies Underlying the Performance of Foreign Banks in Latin American Markets. Latin American Business Review, 18(2), 91-120.
Go to original source...
- Martin, X., & Shalev, R. (2017). Target Firm-Specific Information and Acquisition Efficiency. Management Science, 63(3), 672-690.
Go to original source...
- Mayrhofer, U., & Urban, S. (2011). Management international. Des pratiques en mutation. Paris: Pearson Education.
- McDonald, O., & Keasey, K. (2003). The Future of Retail Banking in Europe: A View from the Top. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
- Parada, P., Alemany, L., & Planellas, M. (2009). The Internationalisation of Retail Banking: Banco Santander's Journey towards Globalisation. Long Range Planning, 42(5-6), 654-677.
Go to original source...
- Santangelo, G., & Meyer, K. (2017). Internationalization as an evolutionary process. Journal of International Business Studies, 48(9), 1114-1130.
Go to original source...
- Siggelkow, N. (2007). Persuasion with Case Studies. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 20-24.
Go to original source...
- Thivant, E., & Machková, H. (2017). An Analysis of French Mergers and Acquisitions in Different Sectors of the Czech Economy. Central European Business Review, 6(1), 48-60.
Go to original source...
- Ul-haq, R., & Howcroft, B. (2007). An examination of strategic alliances and the origins of international banking in Europe. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 18(2), 120-139.
Go to original source...
- Vahlne, J.-E., & Johanson, J. (2013). The Uppsala model on evolution of the multinational business enterprise - from internalization to coordination of networks. International Marketing Review, 30(3), 189-210.
Go to original source...
- Vahlne, J.-E., & Johanson, J. (2017). From internationalization to evolution: The Uppsala model at 40 years. Journal of International Business Studies, 48(9), 1087-1102.
Go to original source...
- Vahlne, J.-E., & Jonsson, A. (2017). Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability in the globalization of the multinational business enterprise (MBE): Case studies of AB Volvo and IKEA. International Business Review, 26(1), 57-70.
Go to original source...
- Valdemarin, S. (2015). Analysis Regarding the Growing Presence of Italian Firms in Romania. Central European Business Review, 4(4), 58-70. https://doi.org/10.18267/j.cebr.138
Go to original source...
- VUB Bank (2002). 2002 VUB Annual Report (Annual report) (p. 143). Bratislava. Retrieved February 2, 2018, from https://www.vub.sk/iles/sekundarna-navigacia/financial-indicators/annual-reports/vubannualreport02.pdf
- VUB Bank (2005). 2005 VUB Annual Report (Annual report) (p. 106). Bratislava. Retrieved January 20, 2018, from http://www.vub.cz/vub/web.nsf/en/vyrocni_zpravy/$FILE/VUBannualreport05.pdf
- VUB Bank (2006). 2006 VUB Annual Report (Annual report) (p. 104). Bratislava. Retrieved February 5, 2018, from http://www.vub.cz/vub/web.nsf/en/vyrocni_zpravy/$FILE/VUBannualreport06.pdf
- VUB Bank (2008). 2008 VUB Annual Report (p. 153). Bratislava. Retrieved February 2, 2018, from http://www.vub.cz/vub/web.nsf/en/vyrocni_zpravy/$ile/vubannualreport08.pdf
- VUB Bank (2017). History of VUB. Retrieved June 12, 2017, from https://www.vub.sk/en/banks-profile/history-vub/#tab_1
- Yin, R. K. (2009). Case Study Research: Design and Methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
- Yin, R. K. (2010). Analytic Generalization. In A. J. Mills, G. Durepos, & E. Wiebe (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Case Study Research (pp. 21-23). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.